Historical figure1936–2011

Václav Havel on the 12 Axes test

This is where Václav Havel sits on the twelve axes of the 12 Axes test, judged by what they argued for and what they did. It is an editorial estimate.

Czech statesman, playwright, and former dissident, the last president of Czechoslovakia and the first president of the Czech Republic (1936–2011)

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Twelve-axis profile

Government

FederalStructure · BalancedUnitary

45%55%

Structure · Balanced

DemocraticRepresentation · Direct democracyAutocratic

97%

Representation · Direct democracy

SecurityPower · LibertarianFreedom

12%88%

Power · Libertarian

Diplomacy

InternationalistIntervention · InternationalistNationalist

88%12%

Intervention · Internationalist

MilitaristMilitary · RestrainedPacifist

35%65%

Military · Restrained

AssimilationistImmigration · PluralistMulticulturalist

35%65%

Immigration · Pluralist

Economy

CollectivizeEconomy · Market liberalPrivatize

35%65%

Economy · Market liberal

PlannedControl · Market-leaningLaissez-faire

25%75%

Control · Market-leaning

ProtectionistTrade · GlobalistGlobalist

15%85%

Trade · Globalist

Society

IrreligiousReligion · BalancedReligious

55%45%

Religion · Balanced

ProgressiveCulture · ProgressiveTraditional

75%25%

Culture · Progressive

AccelerationTechnology · BalancedBioconservative

55%45%

Technology · Balanced

Nearest countries

Nearest historical figures

Countries are placed by how they are governed today, and figures by what they argued for and did. The placements are editorial estimates, and the three matches are separate comparisons. Methodology