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12 Axes Test
All 12 Axes test historical figures

Historical figure1883–1946

John Maynard Keynes on the 12 Axes test

This is where John Maynard Keynes sits on the twelve axes of the 12 Axes test, judged by what they argued for and what they did. It is an editorial estimate.

John Maynard Keynes on the 12 Axes testFederalDemocraticSecurityInternationalistMilitaristAssimilationistCollectivizePlannedProtectionistIrreligiousProgressiveAccelerationUnitaryAutocraticFreedomNationalistPacifistMulticulturalistPrivatizeLaissez-faireGlobalistReligiousTraditionalBioconservative

Twelve-axis profile

Government

FederalUnitary

Structure · Unitary

DemocraticAutocratic

Representation · Strongly democratic

SecurityFreedom

Power · Liberal

Diplomacy

InternationalistNationalist

Intervention · Internationalist

MilitaristPacifist

Military · Restrained

AssimilationistMulticulturalist

Immigration · Balanced

Economy

CollectivizePrivatize

Economy · Mixed economy

PlannedLaissez-faire

Control · Regulated

ProtectionistGlobalist

Trade · Balanced

Society

IrreligiousReligious

Religion · Secular

ProgressiveTraditional

Culture · Progressive

AccelerationBioconservative

Technology · Tech optimist

Countries are placed by how they are governed today, and figures by what they argued for and did. The placements are editorial estimates, and the three matches are separate comparisons. Methodology